sedimentary

Anthracite Coal

Anthracite

Hardness: 2.5-3.0 (Mohs scale); Color: Black or brownish-black; Luster: Submetallic, vitreous; Structure: Amorphous (non-crystalline); Cleavage: Conchoidal fracture; Specific Gravity: 1.3-1.8

Hardness: 2
Color: Black or brownish-black
Luster: Submetallic, vitreous

Identified June 8, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 2.5-3.0 (Mohs scale); Color: Black or brownish-black; Luster: Submetallic, vitreous; Structure: Amorphous (non-crystalline); Cleavage: Conchoidal fracture; Specific Gravity: 1.3-1.8

Formation & geological history

Formed from peat and lower-grade coal through metamorphism-like processes of intense heat and pressure over millions of years (primarily Carboniferous period), resulting in high carbon content.

Uses & applications

Primarily used as a high-grade fuel for space heating and in metallurgical industries due to its high carbon density and low impurity level.

Geological facts

Anthracite is the highest grade of coal, containing 86% to 97% carbon. It burns with a blue flame and very little smoke compared to bituminous coal.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its glossy 'glassy' appearance and lack of soot when handled compared to other coals. Commonly found in Pennsylvania, USA, and parts of the UK and Russia.