Igneous And Metamorphic

Prehnite

Prehnite, Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2

Amethyst

SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide)

Ruby in Zoisite

Ruby (α-Al2O3) embedded in Zoisite (Ca2Al3(SiO4)3(OH)) with some Hornblende

Arsenopyrite in Quartz Matrix

Arsenopyrite (FeAsS) with Quartz (SiO2)

Jade

There are two distinct minerals classified as Jade: Jadeite (Na(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6) and Nephrite (Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2). Based on the image showing translucent, somewhat fibrous material, it is likely Nephrite.

Lapis Lazuli

Lapis Lazuli (a rock composed primarily of Lazurite (Na,Ca)₈[(S,Cl,SO₄,OH)₂|(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)], with varying amounts of Calcite, Pyrite, and Sodalite.)

Quartz

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide - SiO2)

Almandine Garnet in Schist

Almandine Garnet (Fe3Al2(SiO4)3) in Mica Schist

Quartz Vein in Host Rock

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) within Sedimentary/Metamorphic Matrix

Ruby in Zoisite

Anyolite (Zoisite with Corundum) Member of the Epidote Group

Green Aventurine

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with inclusions of Fuchsite mica

Yellow Aventurine (Yellow Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with inclusions of Muscovite or Mica

Green Quartz (Aventurine)

Silicon Dioxide with Fuchsite inclusions (SiO2 + K(Al,Cr)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2)

Quartz (likely milky/gray variety)

Quartz (SiO₂)

Schist

Schist

Green Aventurine

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Fuchsite inclusions

Greenstone (possibly Basalt or Greenschist)

Greenschist (composed primarily of chlorite, actinolite, and epidote)

Quartz

Quartz (SiO₂ - Silicon Dioxide)

Amazonite

KAlSi3O8 (Potassium Aluminum Silicate) - a variety of Microcline Feldspar

Moonstone

Adularia (orthoclase) or Albite (plagioclase), a feldspar mineral (KAlSi3O8 or NaAlSi3O8 respectively, often a mixture)

Aquamarine

Beryl (Be3Al2Si6O18)

Pyrite (or Fool's Gold)

Pyrite (FeS₂)

Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Gold

Gold (Au)

Rhodonite in Matrix

Rhodonite (Manganese Silicate) - (Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg,Ca)SiO3

Sapphirine in Magnesian Schist

Sapphirine: (Mg,Al)8(Al,Si)6O20

Granitoid (Granite/Gneiss)

Granitoid silicate rock, primarily quartz and feldspar

Riverstone (Quartzite/Granite Cobble)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) based Quartzite or Silicate-rich Granite

Granodiorite (Gneissic Pebble)

Granodiorite displaying minor foliation

Quartz Vein in Host Rock (Gabbro or Basalt)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Mafic Silicates

Quartz Vein in Host Rock

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) within Matrix

Quartz with Mica (Micaceous Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Phyllosilicates

Green Aventurine

Aventurine Quartz (SiO2 with fuchsite inclusions)

Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Peridot and Citrine Gemstones (in a ring setting)

Peridot (Olivine: (Mg,Fe)2SiO4), Citrine (Quartz: SiO2)

Rhodonite

Manganese Inosilicate (MnSiO3), often with Ca, Fe, Mg, Zn

Garnet (likely Pyrope or Almandine)

Garnet Group (complex nesosilicate minerals, e.g., Pyrope Mg3Al2(SiO4)3, Almandine Fe3Al2(SiO4)3, Spessartine Mn3Al2(SiO4)3, Grossular Ca3Al2(SiO4)3, Andradite Ca3Fe2(SiO4)3, Uvarovite Ca3Cr2(SiO4)3). The vivid red color in the image strongly suggests Pyrope or Almandine.

Quartz (possibly milky quartz or quartz with inclusions)

SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide)

Fluorite and Rose Quartz

Fluorite (CaF2), Rose Quartz (SiO2)

Banded Gneiss (River Rock/Pebble)

Gneiss (specifically a banded variety often found as a river rock)

Quartz

Quartz (SiO2 - Silicon Dioxide)

Green Aventurine

Silicon Dioxide (Quartz) with Fuchsite inclusions (K(Al,Cr)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2)