Mineral, Often Found In Sedimentary Deposits

Satin Spar (Selenite)

Gypsum (Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate) - CaSO4·2H2O

Geode (Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Amber Chert (Jasper)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

River Pebble Gravel

Hydrothermally modified Clastic Sediment (mainly Quartzite and Chert)

Jasper and Quartz River Pebble

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with impurities

Celestite (Celestine)

Strontium sulfate (SrSO4)

Amygdaloidal Basalt

Amygdaloidal Basalt containing Zeolite or Quartz (SiO2/Silicates)

Limestone (specifically Grainstone or Micrite)

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Milky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Copper Ore (with Malachite and Azurite)

Hydroxide copper carbonate (Cu2CO3(OH)2 / Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2)

Pink Opal (Common Opal)

Amorphous Hydrated Silica (SiO2·nH2O)

Limonite (with goethite)

Hydrated Iron(III) Oxide-Hydroxide (FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Banded Calcite (often commercially sold as 'Mexican Onyx' or 'Honey Onyx')

Calcite (Calcium Carbonate, CaCO3)

Barite

Barium Sulfate (BaSO4)

Petrified Wood

Silicified Wood (SiO2)

Chert (or Flint)

Chert (cryptocrystalline quartz), SiO2

Milky Quartz with Iron Inclusions

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Galena

Lead(II) sulfide (PbS)

Sandstone (specifically an Iron-Concretion)

Arenite with Iron Oxide (Limonite/Goethite) cementation

Quartz (pebble)

Quartz (SiO₂)

Picture Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Howlite

Calcium borosilicate hydroxide (Ca2B5SiO9(OH)5)

Fluorite and Rose Quartz

Fluorite (CaF2), Rose Quartz (SiO2)

Chert (Yellow/Brown Jasper)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Jasper

Jasper (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Limonite (Iron Ore/Bog Iron)

Hydrated Iron(III) Oxide-Hydroxide (FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Fluorite

Fluorite (Calcium Fluoride, CaF2)

River Stone (River Pebbles)

Alluvial Deposit (typically Quartzite, Sandstone, or Granite clasts)

Amazonite

Microcline (KAlSi3O8) with lead impurities

Chert (with possible fossils)

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO2)

Red Jasper

Silicon Dioxide with Iron inclusions (SiO2 + Fe2O3)

Chert / Flint Nodule

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - Microcrystalline Quartz

Quartz Pebble

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Jasper

Silicon dioxide (SiO2)

Gold

Native Gold (Au)

Red Jasper

Silicon Dioxide with Iron Oxide inclusions (SiO2 + Fe2O3)

Limonite (Ironstone)

Hydrous ferric oxides (FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Chert / Pink Chert

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Conglomerate

Conglomerate (Detrital sedimentary rock)

Pyrite (Fool's Gold)

Iron Disulfide (FeS2)

Bog Iron / Limonite Concretion

Goethite/Limonite mixture (FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Sandstone

Sandstone (lithified quartz arenite, arkose, graywacke, etc. depending on composition)