Mineral (Silicate Replaced Organic Material)

Hematite

Iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3)

Quartz Pebble

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Quartz Pebble

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Blue Lepidolite

Lepidolite (K(Li,Al)3(Al,Si,Rb)4O10(F,OH)2)

Quartz (River Pebble)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Quartz Pebble (Iron-Stained)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Milky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Ferruginous Quartz (Iron-stained Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Hematite/Limonite impurities

Chert (variously known as Flint or Microcrystalline Quartz)

Silicon dioxide (SiO2)

Conglomerate

Conglomerate rock

Diamond

Carbon (C)

Diamond (Princess Cut Gemstone)

Carbon (C)

Rose Quartz

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2) with trace inclusions of dumortierite

Cullet Glass (Man-made Glass Slag)

Amorphous Silica (SiO2) with chemical additives

Diamond

Diamond (pure Carbon, C)

Diamond (in jewelry setting)

Adamantine Carbon (C)

Milky Quartz

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Diamond

Diamond (pure Carbon, C)

Gastropod Steinkern (Fossil Snail Internal Mold)

Class Gastropoda (Internal Mold)

Sandstone (Red Sandstone / River Stone)

Arenite (composed primarily of Quartz, SiO2, with Iron Oxide cementation)

Epidote

Epidote Group (Ca2(Al2,Fe3+)(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH))

Sandstone (Quartz-rich)

Arenite (SiO2)

Sandstone (with Iron Staining)

Clastic Sedimentary Rock (primarily Quartz, SiO2)

Sandstone (Ferruginous)

Arenite (with Goethite/Limonite cement)

Red Jasper

Jasper (Silicon Dioxide with Iron Oxide inclusions), SiO2 + Fe2O3

Jade

There are two distinct minerals commonly known as Jade: Nephrite (a calcium magnesium silicate - Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2) and Jadeite (a sodium aluminum silicate - NaAlSi2O6). Based on the image showing a typically softer, more fibrous appearance, it is likely Nephrite.

Sandy Ironstone

Ferruginous Sandstone

Sandstone

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

Biotite (Mica)

Biotite group (K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(F,OH)2)

Lepidolite on Pegmatite

Lepidolite (K(Li,Al)3(Al,Si,Rb)4O10(F,OH)2) in Granitic Pegmatite

Jasper

Quartz (SiO2) with impurities

Pyrite (Fool's Gold)

Iron Disulfide (FeS2)

Quartz (Microcrystalline variety)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Scoria (Basaltic Lava Rock)

Vesicular Basalt

Diamond

Carbon (C)

Sandstone (Quartzite-rich)

Clastic sedimentary rock (SiO2 primary)

Sandstone (likely Graywacke or Lithic Sandstone)

Clastic Sedimentary Rock

Red Sandstone

Arenite (Ferruginous Sandstone)

Quartz Conglomerate

Quartz Conglomerate (clastic sedimentary rock)

Red Sandstone

Arenite (Ferruginous Sandstone)

Shell Cameo (Sardonyx Shell)

Cassis madagascariensis (Sardonyx shell)

Bauxite

Bauxite (mixture of Gibbiste Al(OH)3, Boehmite ̳-AlO(OH), and Diaspore ́-AlO(OH))