Sedimentary (Secondary Mineral) Within Igneous

Quartz Pebble (Iron-stained)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Banded Gneiss

Gneiss

Snowflake Obsidian

Volcanic glass with Spherulite inclusions (SiO2)

Mahogany Obsidian

Volcanic Glass with Hematite inclusions (SiO2 + Fe2O3)

Gold Nugget

Native Gold (Au)

Copper Ore with Chrysocolla and Azurite

Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4·nH2O (Chrysocolla) / Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 (Azurite)

Quartz Geode

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Jasper (likely Polychrome or Desert Jasper)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with impurities

Geode (Chert or Quartz Nodule)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Chert (Chert Nodule with Chalky Cortex)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - Microcrystalline Quartz

Chert (with Limestone/Dolomite host)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Azurite with Malachite and Limonite

Azurite Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 / Malachite Cu2CO3(OH)2

Limonite

Limonite (Hydrous iron oxides, FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Malachite

Copper carbonate hydroxide, Cu2CO3(OH)2

Aquamarine

Beryl (Be3Al2Si6O18)

Peridot (likely, based on color and appearance)

Olivine group mineral, specifically (Mg,Fe)2SiO4 (Forsterite-Fayalite solid solution series)

Clear Quartz (Rock Crystal)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Granite

Phaneritic Felsic Igneous Rock (primarily Quartz, Feldspar, and Mica)

Chert (Flint variety)

Chert (SiO2)

Ruby in Zoisite

Ruby (Corundum, Al2O3) in Zoisite (Calcium aluminum silicate hydroxide, Ca2Al3(SiO4)3(OH)) with some Hornblende

Native Copper

Native Copper (Cu)

Ironstone Concretion (Moqui Marble)

Ironstone concretion (Fe2O3 with a sandstone core)

Quartz Veined Basalt Pebble

Amygdaloidal Basalt with Quartz (SiO2) veining

Basalt (River Stone)

Basalt

Orthoclase Feldspar

Potassium aluminum silicate (KAlSi3O8)

Quartz (Milky/Common)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Ferruginous Quartz

Quartz with Iron Oxide inclusions (SiO2 + Fe2O3)

Ocean Jasper

Spherulitic Chalcedony (SiO2)

Amazonite (likely mixed with other feldspars/minerals)

Amazonite is a variety of Microcline, which is a tectosilicate mineral, formula KAISi3O8. The mixed beads could include other feldspars or quartz.

Blue Chalcedony

Chalcedony (cryptocrystalline Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Blue Chalcedony

Chalcedony (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Biotite Schist

Biotite Schist

Chert (often called Flint when dark)

Microcrystalline or Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Banded Chert with Quartz Veining

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Amazonite

Amazonite (KAlSi3O8, a triclinic variety of Potassium Feldspar)

Malachite

Malachite [Cu2CO3(OH)2]

Turquoise and Hematite

Turquoise: CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O; Hematite: Fe2O3

Malachite

Malachite (Copper Carbonate Hydroxide) - Cu2CO3(OH)2

Milky Quartz (Vein Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Chert (Nodule)

Chert (composition: SiO2)

Red Jasper

Jasper (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)