Sedimentary Rock (Metamorphosed)

Red Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide inclusions

Quartzite

Quartzite (primarily SiO2)

Banded Gneiss

Gneiss (High-grade Regional Metamorphic Rock)

Carnelian

Carnelian (SiO2 with Iron Oxide impurities)

Clear Quartz (Rock Crystal)

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Clear Quartz (Rock Crystal)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Clear Quartz (Rock Crystal)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium - CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O

Gneiss (Banded Gneiss)

Gneiss

Ironstone Concretion (Moqui Marble Type)

Goethite/Hematite-cemented Sandstone Concretion

Geode (Unopened)

Silica-lined Vug (primarily SiO2)

Yellow Chert (Gold-toned Jasper)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Bauxite

Bauxite (Al(OH)3 mixed with Fe2O3 and clay minerals)

Limestone

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Ferruginous Sandstone (Iron-rich Sandstone)

Ferruginous Arenite

Conglomerate (River Rock Aggregate)

Conglomerate (Lithic-clast conglomerate)

Chert / Jasper

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Chert (Brecciated River Cobble)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Chert (Jasper/Ironstone variety)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide inclusions

River Siltstone / Mudstone Pebble

Siltstone (composed of mixed silicate and carbonate minerals)

Chert (Nodule)

Microcrystalline or Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Banded Gneiss

Gneiss (High-grade Regional Metamorphic Rock)

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium [CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O]

Pyrite (on host rock/ore)

Iron Sulfide (FeS2)

Jasper in Quartz (River Cobble)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Ferric Iron inclusions

Ferruginous Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Hematite/Limonite impurities

Banded Gneiss

Gneiss (Metamorphic high-grade, predominantly SiO2, Al2O3, K2O, Na2O)

Agate and Amethyst (Quartz variants)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - Microcrystalline Quartz and Crystalline Quartz

Quartz Geode (with Agate banding)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Milky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Fossil Coral

Scleractinia (Anthos), primarily Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Red Sandstone

Arenite (high iron oxide content)

Jasper and Chert Conglomerate

Ferruginous Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Laterite

Laterite (Ferricrete)

Breccia

Clastic Breccia (General mineral composition depends on fragments, often SiO2 or CaCO3)

Red Sandstone

Arenite (Fe2O3-rich)

Sandstone with Liesegang Rings

Arenite with secondary Iron oxide (Limonite/Goethite) precipitation

Chert Pebble

Microcrystalline or Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Greywacke (River Slikenside)

Greywacke (Lithic Sandstone)

Fossil Coral

Fossilized Scleractinia or Tabulata (various genera/species)

Druzy Quartz (on Quartzite or Chert)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Sandstone (Red Arkose)

Sandstone (Arkose variant, primarily SiO2 with KAlSi3O8)