Rock & Mineral Encyclopedia

Search and identify 1,000+ rocks, minerals, crystals, and gemstones — with properties, formation, colors, hardness, and how to tell them apart.

Fluorite

A soft, colorful calcium fluoride mineral famous for cubic crystals, perfect octahedral cleavage, and fluorescence under UV light.

A purple-hued common opal, much of it the Mexican "morado" type, valued for even violet color rather than play-of-color.

Black volcanic glass that reveals a soft purple-to-violet sheen at certain angles, caused by light interference off aligned inclusions.

A soft, pastel minty-green tourmaline prized for its fresh, light color, a delicate variety of green elbaite.

A copper-iron sulfide ore famous for its iridescent peacock-like purple and blue tarnish; often sold as treated chalcopyrite.

A colorless, transparent variety of topaz valued as an affordable, hard, brilliant alternative to diamond in jewelry.

The deepest, most saturated blue grade of treated topaz, prized for its rich steely-blue color and durability in jewelry.

A glassy, often colorless silicate that forms pyramid-tipped cubes and is famed for its pearly basal cleavage and watery clarity.