Rock & Mineral Encyclopedia

Search and identify 1,000+ rocks, minerals, crystals, and gemstones — with properties, formation, colors, hardness, and how to tell them apart.

Blue Jasper

An opaque blue variety of chalcedony jasper, less common than red or green forms, colored by mineral inclusions.

Natural emerald crystals still embedded in their host rock, prized as mineral specimens that show how the gem grew in place.

A translucent quartz speckled with glittery mineral inclusions that produce a shimmering aventurescence, most often green.

A deep blue copper carbonate mineral that forms in oxidized copper deposits, often alongside green malachite.

Smithsonite is a zinc carbonate ore famous for glassy botryoidal crusts in blue-green, pink, and yellow hues.

A sandstone in which the dominant grains are fragments of pre-existing rocks rather than single minerals, signaling rapid erosion nearby.

A vivid turquoise-blue glass sold as obsidian; this bright color is virtually always manufactured rather than natural volcanic glass.

A rare breccia formed by meteorite impact, containing shocked rock fragments and glassy melt blobs welded together.

A deep teal glass sold as obsidian; the saturated blue-green color is manufactured and not found in natural volcanic glass.

A man-made glittering glass packed with tiny copper crystals, traditionally reddish-brown but also made in blue and green.

A medium-grade metamorphic rock rich in aligned platy minerals that gives it a shiny, easily splitting, foliated texture.

Quartz colored blue by inclusions of the mineral dumortierite, giving a denim-like blue ornamental stone harder than dumortierite alone.

A sought-after elbaite tourmaline in teal hues that blend blue and green, prized for its ocean-like color.

A precious opal showing dominant peacock-like blue, green and teal play-of-color, often on Ethiopian material.

A white chalcedony filled with green or black dendritic, tree-like mineral inclusions that resemble ferns or moss frozen in stone.