igneous
Granite
Granite
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Salt and pepper (white, gray, pink, black); Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Specific gravity: 2.63-2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- Salt and pepper (white, gray, pink, black)
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Salt and pepper (white, gray, pink, black); Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Specific gravity: 2.63-2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow cooling and crystallization of magma beneath the Earth's surface. Found in continental crust, often dating back hundreds of millions to billions of years.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, curbing, monuments, and as crushed stone for road base.
Geological facts
Granite makes up a large part of the Earth's continental crust. It is one of the hardest and most durable natural stones, which is why it has been used since ancient Egypt for obelisks and statues.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its interlocking granular texture and visible crystals of quartz (clear/gray), feldspar (white/pink), and mica (black flakes). Commonly found in mountain ranges and batholiths.
