igneous
Granite
Granite (Phaneritic Quartz-Feldspar Rock)
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Grey, mottled pink, white, and black; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal Structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Specific Gravity: 2.63-2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Grey, mottled pink, white, and black
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Grey, mottled pink, white, and black; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal Structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Specific Gravity: 2.63-2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed through the slow crystallization of magma below the Earth's surface (intrusive igneous rock). It cools over millions of years, allowing large crystals to form.
Uses & applications
Widely used in construction, architectural facades, countertops, monuments, and as crushed stone for road base.
Geological facts
Granite makes up a large portion of the Earth's continental crust. It is extremely durable and weather-resistant, which is why it is used for major monuments like Mount Rushmore.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its 'salt and pepper' appearance and visible individual crystals of quartz, feldspar, and mica. It is found in large batholiths and mountain ranges globally.
