igneous
Granite
Phaneritic intrusive igneous rock
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: White, pink, grey with black specks; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (visible crystals of quartz, feldspar, and mica); Specific gravity: 2.63-2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- White, pink, grey with black specks
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: White, pink, grey with black specks; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (visible crystals of quartz, feldspar, and mica); Specific gravity: 2.63-2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. Primarily found in continental crust and mountain ranges, often dating back hundreds of millions to billions of years.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, curbing, monuments, and as a decorative stone in landscaping.
Geological facts
Granite makes up the majority of Earth's continental crust. Mount Rushmore is carved into a massive granite batholith in South Dakota.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its interlocking 'salt and pepper' appearance of quartz and feldspar crystals. It is ubiquitous in mountainous regions and shield areas globally.
