igneous
Granite
Granite (Phaneritic Quartz-Feldspar rock)
Hardness: 6–7 Mohs; Color: Salt-and-pepper, pinkish-tan; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Cleavage: None (fractures); Specific Gravity: 2.63–2.75
- Hardness
- 6–7 Mohs
- Color
- Salt-and-pepper, pinkish-tan
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6–7 Mohs; Color: Salt-and-pepper, pinkish-tan; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Cleavage: None (fractures); Specific Gravity: 2.63–2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed by the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface (intrusive). The location 9.5°N, 44.1°E (near Hargeisa, Somaliland) contains Neoproterozoic basement complex rocks including granitic intrusions.
Uses & applications
Widely used for construction, countertops, floor tiles, and as dimension stone for monuments and public buildings.
Geological facts
Granite makes up a large portion of the Earth's continental crust. It is favored for its durability and resistance to weathering.
Field identification & locations
Identify by the visible interlocking crystals of quartz (clear/gray) and feldspar (white/pink). Look for the lack of layering and a very hard surface that cannot be scratched by a steel knife.
