sedimentary
Alabaster
Gypsum (Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate, CaSO4·2H2O)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectMohs hardness of 2, white to translucent color, pearly to vitreous luster, monoclinic crystal system, perfect cleavage.
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Physical properties
Mohs hardness of 2, white to translucent color, pearly to vitreous luster, monoclinic crystal system, perfect cleavage.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the evaporation of ancient saline water bodies and chemical precipitation, primarily in sedimentary evaporite deposits.
Uses & applications
Widely used for ornamental carvings, decorative sculptures, interior plaster, and historically for fine artifacts.
Geological facts
Alabaster has been prized since ancient Egyptian and Mesopotamian times for its translucency and ease of carving with simple tools.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified by its softness (can be scratched with a fingernail) and effervescence properties; commonly mined in Italy, Egypt, and the USA.
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