
mineral
Amethyst crystal cluster
Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂), purple variety colored mainly by iron impurities and irradiation
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness 7 Mohs; vitreous luster; purple translucent crystals with hexagonal prismatic/trigonal structure and conchoidal fracture, lacking cleavage. Specific gravity is about 2.65.
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Physical properties
Hardness 7 Mohs; vitreous luster; purple translucent crystals with hexagonal prismatic/trigonal structure and conchoidal fracture, lacking cleavage. Specific gravity is about 2.65.
Formation & geological history
Forms when silica-rich hydrothermal fluids or groundwater fill cavities in volcanic rocks, especially basaltic geodes; many deposits formed during the Cenozoic, though ages vary by locality.
Uses & applications
Used as a gemstone, ornamental specimen, and lapidary material; lower-grade material is used for carvings, polished pieces, and metaphysical décor.
Geological facts
The color can fade with prolonged heat or strong sunlight; natural amethyst commonly grades from pale lilac to deep violet, with crystal tips often showing color zoning.
Field identification & locations
Identify it by purple quartz crystals, glassy luster, and hardness sufficient to scratch ordinary glass; common sources include Brazil, Uruguay, Zambia, and Mexico. The pictured piece appears to be a natural drusy cluster on dark matrix.