gemstone
Amethyst pendant
Quartz, SiO₂; purple variety known as amethyst
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectThe small polished purple stone is set in wire, so its natural crystal shape is obscured. Amethyst has Mohs hardness 7, vitreous luster, and a trigonal crystal structure; color ranges from pale to deep purple.
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Physical properties
The small polished purple stone is set in wire, so its natural crystal shape is obscured. Amethyst has Mohs hardness 7, vitreous luster, and a trigonal crystal structure; color ranges from pale to deep purple.
Formation & geological history
Amethyst forms as silica-rich fluids deposit quartz crystals, commonly in volcanic-rock cavities. Its geological age varies by deposit, often millions to hundreds of millions of years.
Uses & applications
Used in jewelry and collected as a decorative gemstone; quartz also has broad industrial uses.
Geological facts
Purple color is associated with trace iron and natural or radiation-related color centers; heating can turn some amethyst yellow or orange.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its purple color, glassy luster, and hardness, though the setting prevents reliable field tests. Important sources include Brazil, Uruguay, Zambia, and Madagascar.
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