gemstone
Amethyst
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron impurities
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Pale lavender to deep violet; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.65
- Hardness
- 7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Pale lavender to deep violet
- Luster
- Vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Pale lavender to deep violet; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.65
Formation & geological history
Formed in hydrothermal veins and cavities (geodes) of igneous and metamorphic rocks. The purple color is caused by irradiation of trivalent iron impurities within the quartz structure.
Uses & applications
Predominantly used as a gemstone for jewelry, ornamental carvings, and by collectors for its aesthetic and alleged metaphysical properties.
Geological facts
Amethyst was considered a 'Precious Stone' alongside Diamond and Ruby until large deposits were found in Brazil. The name comes from the Greek 'amethystos', meaning 'not intoxicated', as it was believed to prevent drunkenness.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its purple color and hexagonal crystal termination. It is commonly found in Brazil, Uruguay, Zambia, and South Korea. Collectors should look for deep, uniform color and clarity.
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