mineral
Amethyst
Silicon Dioxide (Quartz variety), SiO2
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, purple to violet color, vitreous luster, hexagonal crystal system, and conchoidal fracture with no cleavage.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, purple to violet color, vitreous luster, hexagonal crystal system, and conchoidal fracture with no cleavage.
Formation & geological history
Forms within gas cavities in volcanic rocks through hydrothermal solutions containing iron impurities and natural irradiation over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Widely used as a popular gemstone in jewelry, decorative carvings, and as a collectible mineral specimen.
Geological facts
Its distinct purple color is caused by irradiation of iron impurities substituted for silicon in the crystal lattice. Brazil and Uruguay are major global sources.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified in the field by its characteristic purple color, high hardness, and vitreous crystal faces or conchoidal breaks.
