gemstone
Amethyst
Quartz (SiO2)
Mohs hardness of 7, purple to violet color, vitreous luster, trigonal crystal system, conchoidal fracture with no true cleavage, specific gravity of 2.65
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Physical properties
Mohs hardness of 7, purple to violet color, vitreous luster, trigonal crystal system, conchoidal fracture with no true cleavage, specific gravity of 2.65
Formation & geological history
Forms in hydrothermal veins and gas cavities (vesicles) in volcanic rocks where silica-rich solutions cool and crystallize over millions of years
Uses & applications
Widely used in jewelry, as a decorative gemstone, for ornamental carvings, and in crystal healing collections
Geological facts
The purple color is caused by irradiation, iron impurities, and the presence of trace elements. Ancient Greeks believed amethyst prevented intoxication.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified by its distinct purple color and hardness of 7. Common worldwide, particularly in Brazil, Uruguay, and parts of the United States
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