gemstone
Amethyst
Quartz, SiO₂; purple variety colored by trace iron and irradiation
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectMohs hardness 7; purple, vitreous luster, trigonal crystal structure, no true cleavage. The image shows a small polished or tumbled piece.
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Physical properties
Mohs hardness 7; purple, vitreous luster, trigonal crystal structure, no true cleavage. The image shows a small polished or tumbled piece.
Formation & geological history
Forms in silica-rich fluids, commonly lining cavities in volcanic rocks; deposits range from ancient to geologically recent.
Uses & applications
Used in jewelry, carvings, and mineral collections; lower-grade material is also used decoratively.
Geological facts
Amethyst’s purple hue is associated with iron impurities and natural radiation; heating can change it toward yellow or green tones.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its purple color, glassy luster, and hardness sufficient to scratch glass; common sources include Brazil, Uruguay, and Zambia.
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