mineral

Amethyst

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale. Color: Pale to deep purple, lavender, or violet. Luster: Vitreous (glass-like). Crystal Structure: Hexagonal/Trigonal (trapezohedral). Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture). Specific Gravity: 2.65.

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale
Color: Pale to deep purple, lavender, or violet
Luster: Vitreous (glass-like)

Identified July 22, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Forms in igneous rocks, hydrothermal veins, and basaltic geodes. Its purple coloration is caused by irradiation of trivalent iron (Fe3+) trace impurities within the quartz crystal lattice.

Uses & applications

Widely used as a gemstone in jewelry (rings, pendants, beads), ornamental carvings, crystal healing practices, and mineral collection.

Geological facts

Amethyst is the birthstone for February. Ancient Greeks believed wearing or drinking from cups made of amethyst would prevent intoxication, deriving its name from the Greek 'amethystos', meaning 'not intoxicated'.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its distinctive purple hue, vitreous shine, and hardness of 7 (scratches glass). Common in Brazil, Uruguay, Madagascar, Zambia, and Russia. A favorite entry-level gemstone for rockhounds.