gemstone
Amethyst
Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale. Color: Purple, violet, or dark pinkish-purple. Luster: Vitreous (glassy). Crystal structure: Trigonal (hexagonal crystal system). Cleavage: None. Specific gravity: 2.65.
- Hardness
- 7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Purple, violet, or dark pinkish-purple
- Luster
- Vitreous (glassy)
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale. Color: Purple, violet, or dark pinkish-purple. Luster: Vitreous (glassy). Crystal structure: Trigonal (hexagonal crystal system). Cleavage: None. Specific gravity: 2.65.
Formation & geological history
Formed within gas cavities (vugs or geodes) in volcanic rocks through the deposition of silica-rich solutions containing trace amounts of iron, which are then subjected to natural irradiation.
Uses & applications
Widely used in jewelry, decorative carvings, holistic wellness, crystal healing, and as a popular collector specimen.
Geological facts
Amethyst was historically considered one of the 'cardinal' precious gems, valued equally with diamond, ruby, sapphire, and emerald until large deposits were discovered in Brazil.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified by its distinct purple coloration and quartz hardness. Major deposits are found in Brazil, Uruguay, Zambia, and the United States.
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