sedimentary
Anthracite Coal
Anthracite
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 2.5-3.0 (Mohs scale); Color: Black or brownish-black; Luster: Submetallic, vitreous; Structure: Amorphous (non-crystalline); Cleavage: Conchoidal fracture; Specific Gravity: 1.3-1.8
- Hardness
- 2
- Color
- Black or brownish-black
- Luster
- Submetallic, vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 2.5-3.0 (Mohs scale); Color: Black or brownish-black; Luster: Submetallic, vitreous; Structure: Amorphous (non-crystalline); Cleavage: Conchoidal fracture; Specific Gravity: 1.3-1.8
Formation & geological history
Formed from peat and lower-grade coal through metamorphism-like processes of intense heat and pressure over millions of years (primarily Carboniferous period), resulting in high carbon content.
Uses & applications
Primarily used as a high-grade fuel for space heating and in metallurgical industries due to its high carbon density and low impurity level.
Geological facts
Anthracite is the highest grade of coal, containing 86% to 97% carbon. It burns with a blue flame and very little smoke compared to bituminous coal.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its glossy 'glassy' appearance and lack of soot when handled compared to other coals. Commonly found in Pennsylvania, USA, and parts of the UK and Russia.
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