mineral
Aquamarine
Beryllium aluminum silicate (Be3Al2Si6O18)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 7.5–8.0 on Mohs scale; Color: Pale blue to light green; Luster: Vitreous (glass-like); Crystal structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Imperfect; Specific gravity: 2.6 – 2.8.
- Hardness
- 7
- Color
- Pale blue to light green
- Luster
- Vitreous (glass-like)
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7.5–8.0 on Mohs scale; Color: Pale blue to light green; Luster: Vitreous (glass-like); Crystal structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Imperfect; Specific gravity: 2.6 – 2.8.
Formation & geological history
Formed in pegmatites, often found in granites or hydrothermal veins. It crystallizes from mineral-rich fluids as they cool over millions of years, commonly associated with the Cenozoic era when many major deposits were uplifted.
Uses & applications
Primary use is in high-end jewelry as a gemstone. It is also a source of beryllium, which is used in aerospace, defense, and electronics industries for its high thermal conductivity and light weight.
Geological facts
The largest gem-quality aquamarine ever found was the 'Dom Pedro', weighing approximately 100 lbs (45kg) before being cut. Historically, it was believed to protect sailors and ensure a safe voyage.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its distinct hexagonal crystal shape, lack of cleavage, and vitreous luster. Common locations include Brazil (the world's leading producer), Pakistan, Madagascar, and the United States (Colorado and California).
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