sedimentary
Asphalt (Bituminous Rock)
Natural bitumen or Bituminous limestone/sandstone
Hardness: 1-1.5, Color: Black to dark gray, Luster: Dull to sub-metallic, Structure: Amorphous/Granular, Specific Gravity: 1.1-1.5. Sticky when warm.
- Hardness
- 1-1
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Physical properties
Hardness: 1-1.5, Color: Black to dark gray, Luster: Dull to sub-metallic, Structure: Amorphous/Granular, Specific Gravity: 1.1-1.5. Sticky when warm.
Formation & geological history
Forms naturally via the concentration of crude oil or artificially by mixing bitumen with mineral aggregate. Natural deposits found in petroleum basins.
Uses & applications
Primary material for road construction, roofing waterproof membranes, and pavement sealing.
Geological facts
Natural asphalt lakes like La Brea in Trinidad have existed for thousands of years and trapped countless prehistoric animal fossils.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its dark black color and gritty texture (when mixed with sand/gravel). It smells faintly of oil when struck or heated.
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