mineral

Azurite

Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2

Hardness: 3.5 to 4 on the Mohs scale, Color: Deep azure blue, Luster: Vitreous to dull, Crystal System: Monoclinic, Cleavage: Perfect in one direction, Specific Gravity: 3.77 to 3.83

Hardness: 3

Identified August 2, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 3.5 to 4 on the Mohs scale, Color: Deep azure blue, Luster: Vitreous to dull, Crystal System: Monoclinic, Cleavage: Perfect in one direction, Specific Gravity: 3.77 to 3.83

Formation & geological history

Formed in the oxidized zones of copper ore deposits where carbonated water reacts with copper minerals. Often found alongside malachite.

Uses & applications

Used as an ore of copper, a pigment in paints (historically known as mountain blue), gemstone, and highly sought after by mineral collectors.

Geological facts

Azurite has been used since antiquity as a blue pigment in paintings and for ornamentation. It frequently alters into malachite over time through a weathering process.

Field identification & locations

Easily identified in the field by its distinct, vibrant azure-blue color and softness. Found worldwide, with notable deposits in Morocco, France, Australia, and Arizona, USA.