igneous
Basalt Pebble
Extrusive igneous rock
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 6 on the Mohs scale, dark gray to black color, fine-grained aphanitic texture, dull luster.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6 on the Mohs scale, dark gray to black color, fine-grained aphanitic texture, dull luster.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the rapid cooling of low-viscosity, mafic lava flows exposed at or near the Earth's surface.
Uses & applications
Used widely in construction aggregates, road base materials, railroad ballast, and dimension stone.
Geological facts
Basalt is the most common rock type in the Earth's crustal portions underlying the ocean basins and forms much of the moon's maria.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its dark color, heavy feel, and microcrystalline structure. Commonly found on beaches, riverbeds, and volcanic provinces.
