igneous
Basalt Pebble
Extrusive Igneous Rock
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 6 on the Mohs scale, dark grey to black color, dull luster, aphanitic crystal structure, and high density.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6 on the Mohs scale, dark grey to black color, dull luster, aphanitic crystal structure, and high density.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the rapid cooling of low-viscosity lava rich in magnesium and iron, typically erupted at oceanic crusts or hotspots.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in construction, railroad ballast, aggregate, and dimension stone.
Geological facts
Basalt is the most common rock type in the Earth's crust underlying the world's ocean basins and also forms much of the lunar maria.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its heavy weight, fine-grained dark matrix, and smooth water-worn shape in riverbeds and beaches.
