igneous
Basalt Pebble
Basalt
Hardness: 5-6, Color: Dark grey to black, Luster: Dull to fine-grained, Crystal structure: Aphanitic (fine-grained), Cleavage: None, Specific gravity: 2.8-3.0
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Physical properties
Hardness: 5-6, Color: Dark grey to black, Luster: Dull to fine-grained, Crystal structure: Aphanitic (fine-grained), Cleavage: None, Specific gravity: 2.8-3.0
Formation & geological history
Formed from the rapid cooling of basaltic lava at or near the surface of a planet or moon. Ages vary widely depending on the volcanic event.
Uses & applications
Commonly used in construction, road base, and as decorative stone. Rarely used in jewelry.
Geological facts
Basalt is the most common volcanic rock type on Earth, making up most of the ocean floor.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its dark color, fine-grained texture, and high density. Commonly found in volcanic regions globally.
