igneous
Basalt Pebble
Extrusive igneous rock
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 6 on the Mohs scale, dark gray to black color, dull to sub-aphanitic luster, fine-grained aphanitic crystal structure, lacks prominent cleavage, and a high specific gravity around 2.9.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6 on the Mohs scale, dark gray to black color, dull to sub-aphanitic luster, fine-grained aphanitic crystal structure, lacks prominent cleavage, and a high specific gravity around 2.9.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the rapid cooling of low-viscosity basaltic lava exposed at or very near the surface of a planet or moon.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in construction as crushed aggregate, railroad ballast, and dimension stone.
Geological facts
Basalt is the most common rock type in the Earth's oceanic crust and is also found abundantly on the Moon and Mars.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its dark color, heavy feel, and fine-grained texture; commonly found in riverbeds and coastal areas as water-worn pebbles.
