igneous
Basalt Pebble
Extrusive igneous rock
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 6 on the Mohs scale, dark gray to black color, dull luster, fine-grained aphanitic texture.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6 on the Mohs scale, dark gray to black color, dull luster, fine-grained aphanitic texture.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the rapid cooling of low-viscosity lava rich in iron and magnesium exposed at or near the Earth's surface.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in construction as crushed stone, aggregate in concrete, and for railroad ballast.
Geological facts
Basalt is the most common rock type in the Earth's crustal portions underlying the ocean basins and forms much of the lunar maria.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its dark color, heavy feel, and microcrystalline structure. Common worldwide in volcanic regions and riverbeds.
