igneous
Basalt Pebble
Extrusive Igneous Rock
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 6 on the Mohs scale, dark gray to black color, dull luster, fine-grained aphanitic crystal structure, and a specific gravity around 2.9.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6 on the Mohs scale, dark gray to black color, dull luster, fine-grained aphanitic crystal structure, and a specific gravity around 2.9.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the rapid cooling of low-viscosity, magnesium- and iron-rich lava flows at the Earth's surface.
Uses & applications
Used in construction aggregates, railroad ballast, and decorative landscaping stones.
Geological facts
Basalt is the most common rock type in the Earth's crust underlying the world's oceans.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its dark color and fine texture; commonly found in riverbeds and coastal beaches worldwide.
