igneous
Basalt with Feldspar Phenocrysts
Extrusive igneous rock
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 6 on the Mohs scale, dark grey to black groundmass with yellowish-white plagioclase crystals, aphanitic to porphyritic texture with dull luster.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6 on the Mohs scale, dark grey to black groundmass with yellowish-white plagioclase crystals, aphanitic to porphyritic texture with dull luster.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the rapid cooling of magnesium- and iron-rich lava flows at the Earth's surface.
Uses & applications
Used in construction, aggregate, railroad ballast, and sometimes as dimension stone.
Geological facts
Basalt is the most common rock type of oceanic crust and is also found extensively on the Moon and Mars.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its dark, fine-grained matrix containing distinct contrasting mineral crystals; found globally in volcanic regions.
