igneous
Basalt with Olivine Phenocrysts
Extrusive Igneous Rock
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 6-7 on Mohs scale, dark greenish-black color with visible translucent green olivine crystals, aphanitic to porphyritic texture with vitreous luster.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6-7 on Mohs scale, dark greenish-black color with visible translucent green olivine crystals, aphanitic to porphyritic texture with vitreous luster.
Formation & geological history
Formed by the rapid cooling of magnesium- and iron-rich lava flows at the Earth's surface, common in volcanic environments.
Uses & applications
Used in construction, aggregate, road metal, and sometimes cut for lapidary display or low-grade gemstone use.
Geological facts
Basalt is the most common rock type on the Earth's crust, primarily making up oceanic tectonic plates.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its dark matrix and embedded glassy green crystals; frequently found in volcanic regions worldwide.
