igneous
Basalt with Quartz Veins
Basalt
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness 5-6 (Basalt), 7 (Quartz). Color: Dark gray to black (Basalt) with white/yellowish veins (Quartz). Luster: Dull to earthy (Basalt), vitreous (Quartz). Specific gravity: 2.8-3.0.
- Luster
- Dull to earthy (Basalt), vitreous (Quartz)
Identified More igneous →
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Physical properties
Hardness 5-6 (Basalt), 7 (Quartz). Color: Dark gray to black (Basalt) with white/yellowish veins (Quartz). Luster: Dull to earthy (Basalt), vitreous (Quartz). Specific gravity: 2.8-3.0.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the rapid cooling of magnesium-rich and iron-rich lava at or very near the surface of a terrestrial planet or moon. The quartz veins formed later when silica-rich fluids filled fractures in the solid rock.
Uses & applications
Used in construction, as aggregate, and in landscaping. Polished specimens are collected for their aesthetic value.
Geological facts
Basalt is the most common rock type in the Earth's crust. It is also abundant on the Moon, Mars, and Venus.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its dark color, fine-grained texture, and high density. Found worldwide in volcanic regions and often found as smooth cobbles in rivers or on beaches.
