igneous
Basalt
Extrusive Igneous Rock
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 6 on the Mohs scale, dark gray to black color, fine-grained aphanitic texture, dull luster.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6 on the Mohs scale, dark gray to black color, fine-grained aphanitic texture, dull luster.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the rapid cooling of low-viscosity, magnesium- and iron-rich lava exposed at or very near the Earth's surface.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in construction as crushed stone for road bases, concrete aggregate, and in the production of stone wool insulation.
Geological facts
Basalt is the most common rock type in the Earth's crust underlying the world's ocean basins and forming massive volcanic provinces.
Field identification & locations
Identified in the field by its dark color, fine-grained texture, and dense, heavy feel; commonly found globally in volcanic regions.
