igneous
Basalt
Extrusive Igneous Rock
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 6 on the Mohs scale, typically dark gray to black in color, with a-phanitic fine-grained texture and dull luster.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6 on the Mohs scale, typically dark gray to black in color, with a-phanitic fine-grained texture and dull luster.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the rapid cooling of low-viscosity lava rich in iron and magnesium exposed at or very near the surface of a planet or moon.
Uses & applications
Widely used in construction for crushed stone in road base, concrete aggregate, and manufacturing dimension stone.
Geological facts
Basalt is the most common rock type on Earth's crust, primarily making up the ocean floors, and is also found abundantly on the Moon and Mars.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified by its fine-grained dark appearance and heavy weight relative to its size; common worldwide in volcanic regions.
