igneous
Basalt
Extrusive igneous rock
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 6 on Mohs scale. Dark gray to black color with an aphanitic texture.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6 on Mohs scale. Dark gray to black color with an aphanitic texture.
Formation & geological history
Formed by the rapid cooling of low-viscosity lava rich in magnesium and iron exposed at or near the surface.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in construction as crushed stone, railroad ballast, and aggregate in concrete.
Geological facts
Basalt is the most common rock type on the Earth's crustal surface and also forms the majority of oceanic crust.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its dark color and very fine-grained texture; found globally in volcanic regions and ocean floors.
