igneous
Basalt
Extrusive Igneous Rock
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 6 on Mohs scale, typically dark gray to black in color, with a dull to sub-with a fine-grained aphanitic texture.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6 on Mohs scale, typically dark gray to black in color, with a dull to sub-with a fine-grained aphanitic texture.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the rapid cooling of low-viscosity basaltic lava exposed at or very near the surface of a planet or moon.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in construction as crushed aggregate for road bases, concrete production, and dimension stone.
Geological facts
Basalt is the most common rock type in the Earth's oceanic crust and also makes up the majority of volcanic islands like Hawaii.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its dark color, heavy weight, and fine-grained matrix; commonly found globally in volcanic provinces.
