igneous
Basalt
Extrusive igneous rock
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 6 on the Mohs scale. Typically dark grey to black with an aphanitic or fine-grained texture and dull luster.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6 on the Mohs scale. Typically dark grey to black with an aphanitic or fine-grained texture and dull luster.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the rapid cooling of low-viscosity basaltic lava exposed at or very near the surface of a planet or moon.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in construction, aggregate for roads, production of rock wool insulation, and manufacturing floor tiles.
Geological facts
Basalt is the most common rock type in the Earth's crust underlying the ocean basins and also makes up most of the volcanic islands.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its dense, dark, fine-grained appearance, often vesicular due to trapped gas bubbles, found worldwide in volcanic provinces.
