igneous
Basalt
Extrusive igneous rock
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 6 on the Mohs scale, dark gray to black color, dull luster, aphanitic texture with prominent vesicular cavities.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6 on the Mohs scale, dark gray to black color, dull luster, aphanitic texture with prominent vesicular cavities.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the rapid cooling of low-viscosity, gas-rich lava flows at the Earth's surface.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in construction, road aggregate, manufacturing of stone wool insulation, and occasionally as decorative stone.
Geological facts
Vesicles are formed by gas bubbles trapped in the molten lava as it rapidly solidifies. It is the most common volcanic rock type on Earth's crust.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified by its dark, fine-grained matrix and vesicular or scoriaceous holes; commonly found in volcanic regions worldwide.
