igneous
Basalt
Extrusive igneous rock
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness 6 on Mohs scale, dark gray to black color, aphanitic texture, dull luster, composed mostly of plagioclase and pyroxene.
Identified More igneous →
Explore Basalt in the encyclopedia →Identify your own rocks.
Get a report just like this from any photo, free.
Physical properties
Hardness 6 on Mohs scale, dark gray to black color, aphanitic texture, dull luster, composed mostly of plagioclase and pyroxene.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the rapid cooling of low-viscosity lava exposed at or very near the Earth's surface, common in volcanic oceanic crust.
Uses & applications
Used in construction, as aggregate in concrete, road base, and for manufacturing stone wool insulation.
Geological facts
Basalt is the most common rock type in the Earth's crust, and it also makes up most of the ocean floor and lunar maria.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its dark, fine-grained matrix and heavy feel; commonly found in volcanic regions and ancient lava flows.
