igneous
Basalt
Mafic Extrusive Igneous Rock
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 6 on the Mohs scale, typically dark gray to black in color, with an aphanitic or fine-grained texture and dull luster.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6 on the Mohs scale, typically dark gray to black in color, with an aphanitic or fine-grained texture and dull luster.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the rapid cooling of magnesium- and iron-rich lava exposed at or near the surface of a planet or moon.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in construction as crushed stone for road bases, concrete aggregate, and in the production of stone wool insulation.
Geological facts
Basalt is the most common rock type in the Earth's oceanic crust and also makes up extensive volcanic landforms like the Moon's maria.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified by its dark, dense, fine-grained appearance and is found worldwide in volcanic provinces and ocean floors.
