igneous
Basalt
Mafic extrusive igneous rock
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 6 on the Mohs scale, dark gray to black color, aphanitic to porphyritic texture, and dull luster.
Identified More igneous →
Explore Basalt in the encyclopedia →Identify your own rocks.
Get a report just like this from any photo, free.
Physical properties
Hardness of 6 on the Mohs scale, dark gray to black color, aphanitic to porphyritic texture, and dull luster.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the rapid cooling of low-viscosity, magnesium- and iron-rich lava flows at the Earth's surface.
Uses & applications
Widely used in construction, aggregate for concrete, road base, and crushed stone.
Geological facts
Basalt is the most common rock type in the Earth's crust underlying the world's ocean basins.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its dark, fine-grained matrix and heavy feel, commonly found in volcanic regions worldwide.
