mineral
Black Tourmaline
Schorl (NaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)4)
Hardness: 7-7.5 on Mohs scale. Color: Black. Luster: Vitreous to submetallic. Crystal structure: Trigonal, commonly forming long, striated prismatic crystals. Cleavage: Indistinct. Specific gravity: 3.2-3.26.
- Hardness
- 7-7
- Color
- Black
- Luster
- Vitreous to submetallic
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7-7.5 on Mohs scale. Color: Black. Luster: Vitreous to submetallic. Crystal structure: Trigonal, commonly forming long, striated prismatic crystals. Cleavage: Indistinct. Specific gravity: 3.2-3.26.
Formation & geological history
Forms in igneous and metamorphic rocks, as well as in hydrothermal veins and pegmatites. It crystallizes from cooling magma and fluids rich in boron.
Uses & applications
Used in jewelry, metaphysical and crystal healing practices, electrical applications due to its piezoelectric properties, and as mineral specimens for collectors.
Geological facts
Black tourmaline, also known as schorl, accounts for about 95% of all tourmaline found in nature. The name comes from the Sri Lankan word 'turamali', meaning 'mixed gemstones'.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified by its characteristic triangular cross-section and deep vertical striations on crystal faces. Found worldwide, with notable deposits in Brazil, Africa, the USA, and Pakistan.
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