gemstone
Blue Sapphire
Corundum (Al2O3)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 9 on the Mohs scale, deep blue color, adamantine to vitreous luster, hexagonal crystal system, and no true cleavage.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 9 on the Mohs scale, deep blue color, adamantine to vitreous luster, hexagonal crystal system, and no true cleavage.
Formation & geological history
Forms in aluminum-rich, silica-poor metamorphic or igneous rocks like pegmatites and marbles over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in high-end fine jewelry, watch components, and scientific instruments due to extreme durability.
Geological facts
Sapphire is the September birthstone and owes its blue color to trace amounts of iron and titanium within the crystal lattice.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its extreme hardness, heft, and distinctive hexagonal growth zoning; found globally with major deposits in Sri Lanka and Madagascar.
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