mineral
Botryoidal chrysocolla-rich copper ore
Chrysocolla, hydrated copper phyllosilicate (approximately (Cu,Al)₂H₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄·nH₂O), likely with malachite and quartz/gangue
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectBlue-green to turquoise, typically dull to waxy or glassy; botryoidal crusts and mottled matrix are characteristic. Mohs hardness is about 2.5–3.5 for chrysocolla (harder if quartz-rich); cleavage is poor and specific gravity is roughly 2.0–2.4.
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Physical properties
Blue-green to turquoise, typically dull to waxy or glassy; botryoidal crusts and mottled matrix are characteristic. Mohs hardness is about 2.5–3.5 for chrysocolla (harder if quartz-rich); cleavage is poor and specific gravity is roughly 2.0–2.4.
Formation & geological history
Forms as a secondary copper mineral in the oxidized zones of copper deposits, commonly replacing or coating earlier sulfides; associated malachite, azurite, cuprite, and quartz. It is generally geologically young relative to the host ore, forming during weathering and groundwater alteration.
Uses & applications
Used as a lapidary and ornamental material, in cabochons and specimens; it is too soft for most high-wear jewelry. Copper ores containing chrysocolla may be economically processed for copper.
Geological facts
The blue-green color comes from hydrated copper; its appearance can overlap with turquoise, plancheite, and dyed materials. Botryoidal surfaces resemble clustered bubbles or grapes.
Field identification & locations
Look for vivid blue-green botryoidal coatings, irregular mottling, and copper-mineral associations; a streak, hardness, and chemical testing help confirm it. Common localities include Arizona, Nevada, Chile, Peru, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Australia.
