sedimentary

Botryoidal Hematite (Iron Stone Conglomerate)

Hematite (Fe2O3) in sedimentary matrix

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 5-6.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Reddish-brown to dull black; Luster: Metallic to earthy; Crystal Structure: Trigonal (often appearing as rounded, grape-like clusters); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 4.9-5.3

Hardness: 5-6
Color: Reddish-brown to dull black
Luster: Metallic to earthy

Identified February 21, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through the precipitation of iron-rich minerals from aqueous solutions, often in sedimentary basins or as oxidation products of iron-bearing minerals. These concretions usually form in arid environments or within sandstones over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Primary ore of iron; also used as a pigment (ochre), in jewelry as polished stones, and as a popular mineral specimen for collectors due to its unique bubbly texture.

Geological facts

The name comes from the Greek word 'haima', meaning blood, because of its red color when powdered. Botryoidal comes from the Greek 'botrus', meaning a bunch of grapes, referring to its rounded external shape.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its distinct grape-like rounded texture, high density for its size, and a characteristic reddish-brown streak when rubbed on unglazed porcelain. Commonly found in the American Southwest, specifically Utah and Arizona.