fossil

Brachiopod Fossil in Limestone

Phylum Brachiopoda embedded in sedimentary rock

Hardness of 3 on the Mohs scale (for the calcite shell and limestone matrix), color varies from grey to tan and buff, dull to earthy luster, calcium carbonate composition.

Identified August 4, 2026More fossil →

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Physical properties

Hardness of 3 on the Mohs scale (for the calcite shell and limestone matrix), color varies from grey to tan and buff, dull to earthy luster, calcium carbonate composition.

Formation & geological history

Formed in ancient shallow marine environments during the Paleozoic era (such as the Ordovician to Devonian periods) when shells of marine invertebrates were buried in sediment and fossilized over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Educational specimen, paleontological study, and fossil collecting.

Geological facts

Brachiopods superficially resemble clams, but are biologically distinct with a different internal symmetry. They are among the most common fossils found in Paleozoic marine strata.

Field identification & locations

Look for symmetrical, bivalve-like shells embedded in sedimentary rocks like limestone or shale, often featuring distinct radial ribs or a beak-like hinge.

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Chert with Fossil Brachiopod

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2) with Calcitic Brachiopod inclusion

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Fossilized Crinoid Stem in Limestone

Crinoidea (Class) in Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) matrix

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Fossiliferous Limestone

Limestone with embedded fossil cross-section

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