sedimentary
Breccia
Sedimentary Breccia
Hardness 3-7 depending on minerals, variable color with light angular clasts in a finer matrix, earthy to dull luster, clastic texture with sharp, angular rock fragments, specific gravity ~2.5-2.8.
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Physical properties
Hardness 3-7 depending on minerals, variable color with light angular clasts in a finer matrix, earthy to dull luster, clastic texture with sharp, angular rock fragments, specific gravity ~2.5-2.8.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the accumulation and cementation of large, angular rock fragments that have not been rounded by transport, often created by faulting, rockslides, or high-energy alluvial deposits.
Uses & applications
Used as ornamental stone, building stone, architectural facing, aggregate in construction, and as decorative gravel or specimens for geological collections.
Geological facts
Unlike conglomerate rocks, which have rounded pebbles, breccia consists of sharp, angular fragments indicating the material traveled only a short distance before being buried and cemented.
Field identification & locations
Look for distinct, sharp-edged angular rock fragments embedded within a finer-grained matrix. Frequently found near fault lines, base of cliffs, or ancient alluvial fans.
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