mineral
Calcite
Calcite (Calcium Carbonate, CaCO3)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 3 on Mohs scale; Color: white to off-white/yellowish; Luster: vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Trigonal (rhombohedral cleavage); Cleavage: perfect in three directions; Specific gravity: 2.71
- Hardness
- 3 on Mohs scale
- Color
- white to off-white/yellowish
- Luster
- vitreous to pearly
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3 on Mohs scale; Color: white to off-white/yellowish; Luster: vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Trigonal (rhombohedral cleavage); Cleavage: perfect in three directions; Specific gravity: 2.71
Formation & geological history
Formed through chemical precipitation in sedimentary environments, hydrothermal veins, or as a primary mineral in igneous carbonatites.
Uses & applications
Used in the manufacture of cement and mortar, as a soil conditioner in agriculture, in the optical industry (high-quality crystals), and as a collector's specimen.
Geological facts
Calcite exhibits double refraction, where an image viewed through a clear crystal appears doubled. It is the primary component of limestone and marble.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its rhombohedral cleavage and its vigorous effervescence (fizzing) when in contact with dilute hydrochloric acid. Commonly found in limestone quarries and mineral veins.
